Adaptive phase field modelling of crack propagation in orthotropic functionally graded materials

In this work, we extend the recently proposed adaptive phase field method to model fracture in orthotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs). A recovery type error indicator combined with quadtree decomposition is employed for mesh refinement. The approach capable of capturing process a localized refinement that provides notable gains computational efficiency. implementation validated against experimental data and other numerical experiments on different material orientations. results reveal an increase stiffness maximum force increasing orientation angle. study then extended analysis FGMs. It observed that, if gradation properties neglected, gradient plays secondary role, behaviour being dominated by orthotropy material. However, when toughness increases along crack propagation path, substantial gain resistance observed.